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A Breakthrough in Precision Machining of Foldable Screen Glass
With the rapid popularization of foldable screen smartphones, tablets, and other smart terminals, the market has placed higher demands on the processing quality and efficiency of flexible glass covers.
Traditional mechanical cutting and traditional laser processing methods often face problems such as edge chipping, micro-cracks, large heat-affected zones, and unstable yields when dealing with ultra-thin flexible glass.
In recent years, infrared femtosecond laser cutting machines, with their unique "cold processing" characteristics, have become a key solution for the precision micro-machining of foldable screen glass, bringing innovation to the entire display industry.
Infrared Femtosecond Laser Cutting Principle and Technical Advantages
Infrared femtosecond lasers refer to infrared lasers with pulse widths in the femtosecond (10^-15 seconds) range. Their processing mechanism is fundamentally different from traditional continuous lasers or long-pulse lasers. The duration of a femtosecond laser pulse is extremely short, much shorter than the time for heat diffusion in the material. Energy is injected into the material surface in a very short time, causing the material to instantly vaporize or ionize, while almost no heat is transferred to the surrounding area, thus achieving "cold processing." When applied to foldable screen glass (such as UTG ultra-thin glass), this technology exhibits significant advantages:
Near-zero heat-affected zone:
Virtually eliminates microcracks and edge degradation caused by thermal stress, resulting in smooth, flat, and high-strength cut edges.
Ultra-high precision and quality:
Enables micron-level precision cutting, drilling, and contouring, meeting the stringent requirements of irregularly shaped cutting for foldable screens.
Wide material applicability:
Suitable not only for glass with various chemical compositions but also for brittle crystals, sapphire, ceramics, and other difficult-to-process materials.
Non-contact processing:
Avoids mechanical stress, making it particularly suitable for ultra-thin glass with a thickness of less than 100 micrometers.
Core Challenges and Femtosecond Laser Solutions in Foldable Screen Glass Processing
Foldable screen cover glass is typically 50-100 micrometer thick UTG glass. Its processing faces three major challenges:
How to avoid edge strength attenuation? How to achieve stable cutting of complex irregular contours? How to ensure high yield in mass production?
Using a high-performance infrared femtosecond laser cutting machine is an effective way to address these challenges. Taking the series of high-precision infrared femtosecond laser processing systems launched by Beyond Laser, a leading equipment manufacturer in the industry, as an example, it provides a benchmark solution for foldable screen glass processing through the following core technological breakthroughs:
Ultrafast Laser and Precise Control:
Equipped with a high-performance infrared femtosecond laser, combined with Beyond Laser's unique beam shaping and focus control technology, it ensures uniform energy distribution and precise cutting trajectory.
Adaptive Processing Path Planning:
For the complex structures of foldable screens, such as the hinge area and curved edges, intelligent software can automatically optimize the cutting path and parameters, reducing defects at corners.
Online Visual Inspection and Compensation:
An integrated high-precision CCD vision system automatically locates and identifies material positions and defects, and performs real-time compensation, improving overall yield and consistency.
Clean and Efficient Post-processing:
Femtosecond laser cutting itself produces very little debris. Combined with the air blowing or cleaning unit integrated into the Beyond Laser system, clean processing can be achieved, reducing subsequent processes.
Beyond Laser: Leading the Future of Precision Processing
As a leading domestic manufacturer of ultrafast laser equipment, Beyond Laser has a deep presence in emerging display fields such as foldable screens.
Beyond Laser's independently developed infrared femtosecond laser cutting machine not only achieves internationally advanced cutting quality but also demonstrates strong competitiveness in equipment stability, production efficiency, and localized services.
Beyond Laser's equipment solutions have successfully helped several leading display panel and cover glass manufacturers improve the quality and efficiency of UTG glass mass production. By deeply integrating infrared femtosecond laser technology with automation and intelligent platforms, Beyond Laser is continuously driving the upgrade of core processing links in the foldable screen industry chain.
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What are the precautions for operating a laser marking machine?
1. It is strictly prohibited to start the laser power supply and Q-switching power supply when there is no water or the water circulation is abnormal.
2. The Q power supply is not allowed to operate without load (i.e., the output terminal of the Q power supply should be left floating).
3. In case of any abnormal phenomenon, first turn off the galvanometer switch and the key switch, and then conduct a check.
4. It is not allowed to start other components before the krypton lamp is lit to prevent high voltage from entering and damaging the components.
5. Pay attention to leaving the output terminal (anode) of the laser power supply suspended to prevent sparking and breakdown with other electrical appliances.
6. Keep the internal circulating water clean. Regularly clean the water tank and replace it with clean deionized water or pure water.
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What should we do when laser intensity decreases and the marking is not clear enough?
1. Turn off the machine and check if the laser resonant cavity has changed; Fine-tune the resonant cavity lens. Make the output light spot the best;
2. The acousto-optic crystal is offset or the output energy of the acousto-optic power supply is too low;
Adjust the position of the audio-visual crystal or increase the working current of the audio-visual power supply;
3. The laser entering the galvanometer deviates from the center: Adjust the laser;
4. If the current is adjusted to around 20A but the light sensitivity is still insufficient: the krypton lamp is aging. Replace it with a new one.
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How to maintain a UV laser cutting machine?
1. It is required to carry out regular cleaning every day, remove debris from the countertop, limiters and guide rails, and spray lubricating oil on the guide rails
2. The waste materials in the collection box should be cleared regularly to prevent excessive waste from blocking the exhaust port.
3. Clean the chiller once every 15 days, drain all the internal water, and then fill it with fresh pure water.
4. The reflector and focusing lens should be wiped with a special cleaning solution every 6 to 8 hours.
When wiping, use a cotton swab or cotton swab dipped in the cleaning solution to wipe from the center to the edge of the focusing lens in a counterclockwise direction.
At the same time, be careful not to scratch the lens.
5. The indoor environment can affect the lifespan of the machine, especially in damp and dusty conditions.
A damp environment is prone to causing rust on the reflective lenses and also easily leading to short circuits, discharge and sparking of the velvet laser.
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What accidents might be caused by the laser emission when using a laser cutting machine?
(1) A fire was caused by the laser coming into contact with flammable materials.
Everyone knows that the power of laser generators is very high, especially when it comes to high-power laser cutting machines, the temperature of the emitted laser is extremely high. The possibility of a fire being caused when a laser beam comes into contact with flammable objects is very high.
(2) Harmful gases may be produced when the machine is in operation.
For instance, when cutting with oxygen, it undergoes a chemical reaction with the cutting material, generating unknown chemical substances or fine particles and other impurities. After being absorbed by the human body, it may cause allergic reactions or discomfort in the lungs and other respiratory tracts. Protective measures should be taken when conducting work.
(3) Direct laser exposure to the human body can be harmful.
The damage caused by lasers to the human body mainly includes damage to the eyes and skin. Among the harms caused by lasers, the damage to the eyes is the most severe. Moreover, damage to the eyes is permanent. So when doing homework, you must pay attention to protecting your eyes.
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What is the focused spot diameter of nanosecond, picosecond and femtosecond laser?
Nanosecond: The light spot is 0.5-1mm.
Picosecond: The focused spot is around 0.02mm.
Femtosecond: Under the action of a laser beam with a high repetition rate of 100-200KHz and a very short pulse width of 10ps,
the focused spot diameter is as small as 0.003mm.
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What are the main applications of UV laser cutting machine?
The UV laser cutting machine can be used for cutting and depaneling PCB.
It can precisely cut and shape various types of PCB circuit boards with V-CUT and stamp holes, and open Windows and covers.
It can also be used for separating packaged circuit boards and ordinary smooth boards.
It is suitable for cutting various types of PCB substrates, such as ceramic substrates, rigid-flex boards, FR4, PCBs, FPCs, fingerprint recognition modules, cover films, composite materials, copper substrates, aluminum substrates, etc.
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Precautions for laser cutting machines to process various metal materials?
Copper and brass:
Both materials have high reflectivity and excellent thermal conductivity.
Brass with a thickness of less than 1mm can be processed by nitrogen laser cutting.
Copper with a thickness of less than 2mm can be cut. The gas used for laser cutting processing must be oxygen.
Copper and brass can only be cut when a "reflective absorption" device is installed on the system. Otherwise, reflection will damage the optical components.
Synthetic materials:
Processable synthetic materials include: thermoplastics, thermosetting materials and artificial rubber.
Aluminum:
Despite its high reflectivity and thermal conductivity, aluminum materials with a thickness of less than 6mm can be cut, depending on the type of alloy and the capacity of the laser.
When cutting with oxygen, the cutting surface is rough and hard.
When nitrogen is used, the cutting surface is smooth.
Pure aluminum is extremely difficult to cut due to its high purity.
Only when a "reflection and absorption" device is installed on the fiber laser cutting machine system can aluminum materials be cut.
Otherwise, reflection will damage the optical components
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What should be paid attention to when laser cutting stainless steel?
Laser cutting processing of stainless steel requires the use of oxygen, under the condition that edge oxidation is not a concern.
If nitrogen is used to achieve an edge free of oxidation and burrs, no further processing is required.
Coating an oil film on the surface of the sheet will achieve a better perforation effect without reducing the processing quality.